New York Times
February 20, 2007
Ink
A Wet Wind Tunnel So Ships Can Move Faster and Better
By TINA KELLEY
HOBOKEN, N.J.
AT first glance, the giant boat pond could pass for a play area, with a model ship rigged up to go as fast as possible down a 16-foot-wide pool.
But the towing tank at Stevens Institute of Technology is far larger than a recreational pool — it’s longer than a football field. It is the world’s fastest speed towing tank, according to Michael S. Bruno, the director of the institute’s Davidson Laboratory, which has used the tank for designing ships, studying wave action and improving underwater detection of vessels.
Dr. Bruno says it’s like a wet wind tunnel.
At the push of a button, a carriage attached to a steel towing rail above the water zips down the pool, with the model, tethered by a cord, rushing behind it. In the narrow concrete room, the speeding boat and its wake sound like a low-flying jet fighter. For models about four feet long, the tank can simulate speeds of several hundred miles per hour. Dr. Bruno points out the lab’s greatest hits — that green and white yacht model is the Intrepid and it’s next to the Courageous, both of which were two-time successful defenders of the America’s Cup. Their hulls were designed, in part, here.
“Anything that’s ever gone in water has been in this wave tank,” Dr. Bruno explained. Other nautical creations that have been tested or designed here include the Albacore from 1953, which set new underwater speed records; an Apollo space capsule; a firefighting Aeritalia plane from the 1990s; and various drilling rigs and frogmen suits.
The tank also helps researchers come up with ways that shorelines can better withstand storms. A wave simulator in the tank can re-enact tsunamis and northeasters, and imitate wave conditions from midocean. At times, 40 tons of sand have been added to the “beach,” the slanting ends of the tank. The tank, built in 1944, recently had a $3 million face-lift, with the Navy providing some of the money. The tank is now 65 percent larger and has better viewing areas, including a tilted underwater mirror with strobes and cameras, to provide clear pictures of a hull’s interactions with waves.
When the tank reopened in December, researchers from the Netherlands, Spain, Denmark, Italy and other countries brought water to add from their native lands.
“I believe we’re far better known in Korea than in New York City,” Dr. Bruno said. “New Yorkers don’t consider ourselves as being very tied to the ocean.”
But nothing could be further from the truth, he said. “Manhattan is arguably the world’s center for naval architecture.”
The tank, at 711 Hudson Street, is open to the public at no charge, with experiments under way from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.